Publications & Software

*indicates corresponding authors; †indicates current or former Zhao Group members

Statistical Methodology

Precision Prevention and Precision Treatment

Liang M.†, Ning Y., Smith M. A., Zhao Y. Q. (2026) Inference with non-differentiable surrogate loss in a general high-dimensional classification framework, In Press, Journal of Machine Learning Research. Link, Software

Qiu J.†, Zhao Y. Q., Chinnaiyan A., Tosoian J., Zheng Y. (2026) Optimizing Sequential Decision Rules for Prostate Cancer Biopsy Management: A Multi-Objective Statistical Framework, In press, Journal of the American Statistical Association. Software

Zhu K.†, Chan K.C.G., Zhao Y. Q., Zheng, Y. (2026) Two-step error-controlling classifiers with application to cost-effective disease diagnosis. Statistics in Medicine, 45(8-9):e70498 doi: 10.1002/sim.70498.[⋆⋆ An earlier version won an Honorable Mention from the Medical Device and Diagnostic Section Student Paper Competition at JSM 2025 ⋆⋆] Link

He Q.†, Zhang S.†, LeBlanc M.L., Zhao Y.Q.* (2024) Estimating individualized treatment rules by optimizing the adjusted probability of a longer survival. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 33(9):1517-1530. doi: 10.1177/09622802241262525. PMCID: PMC11671293. LinkSoftware

Dong X.†, Zhao Y.Q.* (2024) Estimating individualized treatment regimes to optimize incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, Statistics in Biosciences, 17(2):366-385. Link

Liang M.†, Choi Y-G†, Ning Y., Smith M. A., Zhao Y. Q.* (2022) Estimation and inference on high dimensional individualized treatment rule in observational data using split-and-pooled de-correlated score. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 23 (262), pp. 1-65. PMCID: PMC10720606. LinkSoftware

Pan Y.†, Zhao Y.Q.* (2021) Improved Doubly Robust Estimation in Learning Optimal Individualized Treatment Rules. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 116(533), pp. 283-294 DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2020.1725522. PMCID: PMC8132732. LinkSoftware

Meng H., Zhao,Y.Q., Fu H, Qiao X (2020) Near-optimal Individualized Treatment Recommendations. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 20(48), 1-28. PMCID: PMC8324003. Link

Wang Y.†, Zhao Y.Q., Zheng Y. (2020) Learning-based Biomarker-assisted Rules for Optimized Clinical Benefit under a Risk-constraint. Biometrics 2020 76(3), pp. 853-862. PMCID: PMC7292743. LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q.*, Laber E.B., Ning Y., Saha S., Sands B. (2019) Efficient augmentation and relaxation learning for treatment regimes using observational data. Journal of Machine Learning Research 20(48)1-23. PMCID: PMC6705615. LinkSoftwareSupplementary

Zhu R., Zhao Y.Q., Chen G., Ma S., Zhao H. (2017) Greedy outcome weighted tree learning of optimal personalized treatment rules. Biometrics Jun;73(2):391-400. PMCID: PMC5378692. Link

Xu Y., Yu M., Zhao Y.Q., Li Q., Wang S., Shao J. (2015) Regularized outcome weighted subgroup identification for differential treatment effects. Biometrics Sep;71(3):645-53. PMCID: PMC5395466. [An earlier version won an ENAR John Van Ryzin Award] Link

Laber E.B., Zhao Y.Q. (2015) Tree-based methods for individualized treatment regimes. Biometrika 2015;102(3):501-514. PMCID: PMC4755313. Link

Zhao Y.Q., Zeng D., Laber E.B., Song R., Yuan M., Kosorok M.R. (2015) Doubly Robust Learning for Estimating Individualized Treatment with Censored Data. Biometrika 2015 Mar 1;102(1):151-168. PMCID: PMC4414056. Link

Zhao Y.Q., Zeng D., Rush A.J., Kosorok M.R. (2012) Estimating Individualized Treatment Rules Using Outcome Weighted Learning. Journal of the American Statistical Association 2012 Sep 1;107(449):1106-1118. PMCID: PMC3636816. LinkSoftware

Dynamic Treatment/Surveillance Regimens

Liang M.†, Zhao Y. Q., Lin D.W., Cooperberg M., Zheng Y. (2025) Estimating optimally tailored active surveillance strategy under interval censoring. Biometrics 81(2): (2025): ujaf067. PMCID: PMC12123698. Link, Software

Dong X.†, Zheng Y., Zhao Y. Q.∗(2023) Constructing stabilized dynamic surveillance rules for optimal monitoring schedule. Biometrics 79(4), 3895-3906. PMCID: PMC10866138. [⋆⋆ An earlier version won an ENAR Distinguished Student Paper Award ⋆⋆] LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q.*, Zhu R., Chen G., Zheng Y. (2020) Constructing dynamic treatment regimes with shared parameters for censored data. Statistics in Medicine 39(9), 1250-1263. PMCID: PMC7305816. LinkSoftware

Chakraborty B., Laber E., Zhao Y.Q. (2013) Inference for optimal dynamic treatment regimes using an adaptive m-out-of-n bootstrap scheme. Biometrics 69;714-723. PMCID: PMC3864701 LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q., Zeng D., Laber E.B., Kosorok M.R. (2015) New Statistical Learning Methods for Estimating Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110(510):583-598. PMCID: PMC4517946. LinkSoftware

Design and Analysis of Clinical Therapeutic and Early Detection Trials

Zhu K.†, Zhao Y.Q., Zheng Y. (2024) Designing cancer screening trials for reduction in late-stage cancer incidence. Biometrics 80(3) ujae09. doi: 10.1093/biomtc/ujae097. PMCID: PMC11413908
[⋆⋆ An earlier version won an ENAR Distinguished Student Paper Award and Society for Clinical Trials (SCT) Thomas C. Chalmers Student Scholarship Finalist⋆⋆] LinkApp, Source Code

Zhang S. †, LeBlanc M. L., Zhao Y.Q..* (2022) Restricted survival benefit with right-censored data. Biometrical Journal 64(4), pp. 696-713.LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q.*, LeBlanc M.L. (2020) Designing precision medicine trials to yield greater population impact. Biometrics 76(2):643-653. PMCID: PMC7211185. LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q.*, Redman M.W., LeBlanc M.L. (2019) Quantifying treatment effects using the personalized chance of longer survival. Statistics in Medicine 38:5317-5331. PMCID: PMC6842038. Link

Minsker S., Zhao Y.Q.*, Cheng G. (2016) Active Clinical Trials for Personalized Medicine. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 111(514):875-887. PMCID: PMC5179145. LinkSoftware

Laber E.B., Zhao Y.Q., Regh T., Davidian M., Tsiatis A., Stanford J.B., Zeng D., Song R., Kosorok M.R. (2016) Using pilot data to size a two-arm randomized trial to find a nearly optimal personalized treatment strategy. Statistics in Medicine, 15;35(8):1245-56. PMCID: PMC4777666. Link

Esserman D., Zhao Y.Q., Tang Y., Cai J. (2013) Sample size estimation in educational intervention trials with subgroup heterogeneity in only one arm. Statistics in Medicine, May 30;32(12):2140-54. PMCID: PMC3615113. Link

Nadkarni N.V., Zhao Y.Q., Kosorok M.R. (2011) Inverse regression estimation for censored data. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Mar 1;106(493):178-190. PMCID: PMC3110674. Link

Electronic Medical Records and Real-World Studies

Cheng, G.†, Chen Y-C Unger J.M., Till C., Zhao, Y.Q. (2025) Long- term effect estimation when combining clinical trial and observational follow-up datasets. Journal of American Statistical Association, 121(553):1-19. Software, Dataset

Pan Y.†, Laber E. B., Smith M. A., Zhao Y.Q.* (2023) Reinforced risk prediction with budget constraint using irregularly measured data from electronic health records. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 118(542),1090-1101. PMCID: PMC10274334. LinkSoftware

Zhao Y.Q.*, Norton D., Hanrahan L. (2021) Small area estimation and childhood obesity surveillance using electronic health records. PLOS One, 16(2):e0247476. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247476. PMCID: PMC7895416. Link

Choi Y-G†, Hanrahan L.P., Norton D., Zhao Y.Q..* (2022) Simultaneous spatial smoothing and outlier using penalized regression, with application to childhood obesity surveillance from electronic health records. Biometrics 78(1), pp. 324-336. DOI: 10.1111/biom.13404. PMCID: PMC9138186. LinkSoftware
[⋆⋆ Results featured as cover image of Biometrics March 2022 issue. ⋆⋆] 

Zhao Y.Q.*, Zeng D.,Tangen C.M., LeBlanc M.L. (2019) Robustifying Trial-Derived Treatment Rules to a Target Population. Electronic Journal of Statistics, 13(1):1717-1743. PMCID: PMC6705616 Link, Software

Zhao Y.Q., Zeng D., Herring A.H., Ising A., Waller A., Richardson D., Kosorok M.R. (2011) Detecting disease outbreaks using local spatiotemporal methods. Biometrics, Dec;67(4):1508-17. PMCID: PMC3698245. Link


Selected Collaborations

Booth A., Hillman S., Laumann K., Zhao Y. Q., LeBlanc M., Chansky K., ..., Mandrekar S. J. (2026). PROSPECT-LUNG: A National Clinical Trials Network Trial Advancing Pragmatic Innovation in Cancer Clinical Trials. Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 103650. Link

Tsao A.S., Hsieh M.H., Koczywas M., Tu J., Riess J., Tanvetyanon T., Ma B.T., Zhao Y.Q., Redman M.W., Edelman M.J., Gandara D.R., Gray J.E., Kelly K.L. (2024) S1701, A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Carboplatin-Paclitaxel With and Without Ramucirumab in Patients With Locally Advanced, Recurrent, or Metastatic Thymic Carcinoma. JTO Clin Res Rep. Oct 16;5(12):100738. doi: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100738. PMID: 39619274; PMCID: PMC11605468. Link

Karim N.A., Miao J., Reckamp K.L., Gay C.M., Byers L.A., Zhao Y.Q., Redman M.W., Carrizosa D.R., Wang W.L., Petty W.J., Mehta K., Faller B.A., Agamah E.S., Kasbari S.S., Malisetti R.K., Kumar A., Schallenkamp J., Alluri K.C., Gray J.E., Kelly K. (2025 ) Phase II Randomized Study of Maintenance Atezolizumab Versus Atezolizumab Plus Talazoparib in Patients With SLFN11 Positive Extensive-Stage SCLC: S1929. J Thorac Oncol. Mar;20(3):383-394. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.10.021. Epub 2024 Nov 4. PMID: 39505259. Link

Chari S.T., Wu B., Lopez C., Lustigova E., Chen Q., Van Den Eeden S.K., Leimpeter A.D., Fisher W., Wood A., Alexander A.S., Valenta J., Vege S.S., Carlson E., Rabe K.G., Hart P.A., Qian L., Zhao Y.Q., Yosuf N., Matrisian L., Kenner B., Rinaudo J.A., Maitra A., Feng, Z. (2025) Risk of pancreatic cancer in glycemically defined new-onset diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Gastroenterology. 2025 Jul 7:S0016-5085(25)05730-0. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2025.06.025. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40633624. Link

Chari S.T., Maitra A., Matrisian L.M., Shrader E.E., Wu B.U., Kambadakone A., Zhao Y.Q., Kenner B., Rinaudo J.A.S., Srivastava S., Huang Y., Feng Z. Early Detection Initiative Consortium (2021) Early Detection Initiative: A randomized controlled trial of algorithm-based screening in patients with new onset hyperglycemia and diabetes for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Contemp Clin Trials, Dec 23;113:106659. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106659. PMCID: PMC8844106. Link 

Bartels C.M., Johnson H., Voelker K.V., Ogdie A., McBride P., Jacobs E.A., Zhao Y.Q., Smith M. (2018) Frequency and predictors of communication about high blood pressure in rheumatoid arthritis visits. Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 24(4):210–217. PMCID: PMC5962363. Link

Flood T.L., Zhao Y.Q., Tomayko E.J., Tandias A., Carrel A.L., Hanrahan L.P. (2015) Electronic health records and community health surveillance of childhood obesity. Am J Prev Med. Feb;48(2):234-240. PMCID: PMC4435797. Link

Saha S., Zhao Y.Q., Shah S.A., Esposti S.D., Lidofsky S., Shapiro J., Leleiko N., Bright R., Law M., Moniz H., Samad Z., Merrick M., Sands B.E. (2015) Body image dissatisfaction in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis, Feb;21(2):345-52. PMCID: PMC4373552. Link

Saha S., Zhao Y.Q., Shah S., Esposti S.D., Lidofsky S., Salih S., Bright R., Law M., Moniz H., Flowers N., Merrick M., Sands B.E. (2014) “Menstrual Cycle Changes in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Study from the Ocean State Crohn’s and Colitis Area Registry”. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vol 20, pp. 534-540. Link